Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is one of the leading causes of vision loss in the elderly. The incidence is nearly 25 % in the age group of 75 years and more. The condition is not curable but early diagnosis and treatment can prevent or delay the onset of severe visual loss.

There are two forms of ARMD- dry and wet forms. The dry form has deposits developing on the macula or the seeing portion of the eye and this can lead to severe visual loss. These deposits are called drusen. The deposits are initially harmless but over time they coalesce and lead to vision loss, which is permanent. Patients typically notice some distortion or obstruction in the field of vision. The wet form is more sudden in onset. Abnormal blood vessels grow in the macular area and these leak fluid and blood. This diminishes the central vision. This leads to dark spots in front of the eyes and central vision impairment. The objects can appear to be of different sizes. The vision loss is more profound and severe.

While there is no absolute treatment for dry ARMD, a diet rich in antioxidants has been shown to help replenish the nutrition to the cells at the macula and thus delay the progression of the ARMD. These can reduce the progression of the disease by up to 25 %. Supplementation with carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids also helps. Various nutritional supplements are available in the form of tablets which can be consumed once a day. Treatment of wet ARMD reduces but does not prevent the onset of severe visual loss. In this condition injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factors is the mainstay. These are remarkable in their ability to regress the new blood vessels and help in maintaining the vision in the affected eyes.

The best steps you need to take:

• – One can take is to undergo regular eye check-ups at least once a year after the age of 50 years. Get the baseline eye check-up at the age of 40 years.
• – Eat a proper diet rich in green leafy vegetables, carrots, and fruits.
• – Stop smoking. Smoking increases the risk by nearly two-fold.
• – Exercise reduces the risk by nearly 70%. Take regular exercise at least three times a week.
• – Take the correct macular health vitamins rich in lutein and zeaxanthin.
• – Wear caps and goggles to protect yourself from the ultraviolet rays of the sun.
• – Easy home-based tests like the Amsler grid can easily alert the individual about any changes in central vision in the eyes and enable the patient to seek help from the eye doctor early.
• – Family eye health history is important. The chance of developing ARMD is nearly 50 % when a close relative has the problem.

For your regular eye check-up book your visit to Axis Eye Clinic today.

Every elderly person should have a comprehensive eye examination performed by an ophthalmologist including checking the visual acuity, intraocular pressures, and a dilated eye examination.

Dr. Ramesh Murthy is a renowned eye surgeon and one of the best cataract, squint, and oculoplastic surgeons in Pune, he is well-known for his results, experience, and friendliness. He is considered among the best eye specialists in Pune. He is available at Axis Eye Clinic, Pune which is among the best eye clinics in Pune. The staff at Axis Eye Clinic are well versed with Mediclaim for eye surgery and will make sure you get the most benefit from your Mediclaim policy.